African Penguin vs Arctic Tern
Spheniscus demersus 比較対象 Sterna paradisaea
Side-by-Side Comparison
| 属性 | African Penguin | Arctic Tern |
|---|---|---|
| 学名 | Spheniscus demersus | Sterna paradisaea |
| 目 | Sphenisciformes | Charadriiformes |
| 科 | Spheniscidae | Laridae |
| 保全状況 | Endangered | Least Concern |
| 体長 | 60.0 cm (23.6 in) | 34.0 cm (13.4 in) |
| 翼開長 | 42.0 cm (16.5 in) | 80.0 cm (31.5 in) |
| 体重 | 3100.0 g (109.35 oz) | 110.0 g (3.88 oz) |
| 食性 | Small schooling fish, especially sardines and anchovies. Forages within 40 km of the colony, diving … | Small fish and crustaceans caught by plunge-diving from the air. Hovers briefly before diving. |
| 一腹卵数 | 2 | 2-3 |
| Population Trend | — | — |
Size Comparison
Habitat Comparison
African Penguin
Rocky coastlines and offshore islands of southern Africa. Nests in burrows, under boulders, or in surface scrapes.
Arctic Tern
Breeds on coastal and tundra habitats. Spends most of its life at sea over the open ocean. Nests in colonies on beaches and rocky shores.
Song & Call Comparison
African Penguin
A loud, donkey-like braying 'waaah-waaah' — hence its nickname 'jackass penguin'. Also gives softer grunts and contact calls at the colony. Highly vocal on breeding beaches.
Arctic Tern
A sharp, grating 'kree-yah' alarm call. Also gives 'kik-kik-kik' near the nest. Highly aggressive vocally during the Arctic breeding season. Calls are harsh and insistent.
Geographic Range & Migration
African Penguin
Coastal southwestern Africa from Namibia to Port Elizabeth, South Africa. The only penguin species breeding in Africa.
Arctic Tern
Breeds in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. Migrates to the Antarctic, experiencing two summers per year. Found on every ocean.
保全状況
African Penguin
Arctic Tern
How to Tell Them Apart
African Penguin
Black upperparts and white underparts with a distinctive black horseshoe-shaped band across the breast. Pink patches of bare skin above the eyes help with thermoregulation.
Sturdy, pointed, black bill with a grey band near the tip
Arctic Tern
Pale grey upperparts, white underparts with a black cap. Blood-red bill and short red legs. Deeply forked tail streamers. Winter adults lose the full black cap.
Slender, pointed, bright red bill
About These Birds
African Penguin
南アフリカ西部沿岸とその島嶼に生息するペンギン（体長60〜70cm）。黒い背中と白い腹に黒い縦縞、眼上部のピンクの皮膚が特徴的。Spheniscus demersus（アフリカペンギン）はロバのような「ブレイヤー」という鳴き声から「ジャッカスペンギン」とも呼ばれる。過去1世紀で個体数が97%以上減少し、絶滅危惧種に指定されている。Spheniscidae科。
Arctic Tern
キョクアジサシはあらゆる動物の中で最長の渡りを行い、毎年北極と南極を往復する約7万kmの旅をする。30年の寿命の中に、月への往復3回分に相当する飛翔距離を積み重ねる可能性がある。地球上でどの生物よりも多くの昼光を経験するこの驚異的な鳥は、太陽を追い続ける。