African Penguin vs Common Starling
Spheniscus demersus 比較対象 Sturnus vulgaris
Side-by-Side Comparison
| 属性 | African Penguin | Common Starling |
|---|---|---|
| 学名 | Spheniscus demersus | Sturnus vulgaris |
| 目 | Sphenisciformes | Passeriformes |
| 科 | Spheniscidae | Sturnidae |
| 保全状況 | Endangered | Least Concern |
| 体長 | 60.0 cm (23.6 in) | 21.5 cm (8.5 in) |
| 翼開長 | 42.0 cm (16.5 in) | 37.0 cm (14.6 in) |
| 体重 | 3100.0 g (109.35 oz) | 78.0 g (2.75 oz) |
| 食性 | Small schooling fish, especially sardines and anchovies. Forages within 40 km of the colony, diving … | Omnivorous — insects and larvae (especially leatherjackets), earthworms, fruit, and seeds. Probes soil with open … |
| 一腹卵数 | 2 | 4-7 |
| Population Trend | — | — |
Size Comparison
Habitat Comparison
African Penguin
Rocky coastlines and offshore islands of southern Africa. Nests in burrows, under boulders, or in surface scrapes.
Common Starling
Open countryside, farmland, parks, and urban areas. Forms enormous communal roosts in winter, especially in urban environments.
Song & Call Comparison
African Penguin
A loud, donkey-like braying 'waaah-waaah' — hence its nickname 'jackass penguin'. Also gives softer grunts and contact calls at the colony. Highly vocal on breeding beaches.
Common Starling
A complex mimic: rattles, whistles, clicks, and squeaks mixed with imitations of other birds. Song is a continuous medley. Also gives harsh 'scheer' alarm and chattering.
Geographic Range & Migration
African Penguin
Coastal southwestern Africa from Namibia to Port Elizabeth, South Africa. The only penguin species breeding in Africa.
Common Starling
Native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. Introduced to North America, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.
保全状況
African Penguin
Common Starling
How to Tell Them Apart
African Penguin
Black upperparts and white underparts with a distinctive black horseshoe-shaped band across the breast. Pink patches of bare skin above the eyes help with thermoregulation.
Sturdy, pointed, black bill with a grey band near the tip
Common Starling
Glossy black plumage with iridescent purple and green sheen in breeding season. Winter plumage shows white spotting. Short tail and pointed wings in flight.
Long, pointed bill — yellow in breeding season, dark in winter
About These Birds
African Penguin
南アフリカ西部沿岸とその島嶼に生息するペンギン（体長60〜70cm）。黒い背中と白い腹に黒い縦縞、眼上部のピンクの皮膚が特徴的。Spheniscus demersus（アフリカペンギン）はロバのような「ブレイヤー」という鳴き声から「ジャッカスペンギン」とも呼ばれる。過去1世紀で個体数が97%以上減少し、絶滅危惧種に指定されている。Spheniscidae科。
Common Starling
ホシムクドリ（Sturnus vulgaris）— ユーラシア原産で北米・豪州・南アフリカに移入された。金属光沢のある羽と白い斑点が特徴。巨大な群れ（マーモレーション）を形成する。