Common Starling vs Northern Fulmar
Sturnus vulgaris 对比 Fulmarus glacialis
Side-by-Side Comparison
| 属性 | Common Starling | Northern Fulmar |
|---|---|---|
| 学名 | Sturnus vulgaris | Fulmarus glacialis |
| 目 | Passeriformes | Procellariiformes |
| 科 | Sturnidae | Procellariidae |
| 保护状况 | Least Concern | Least Concern |
| 体长 | 21.5 cm (8.5 in) | 47.0 cm (18.5 in) |
| 翼展 | 37.0 cm (14.6 in) | 107.0 cm (42.1 in) |
| 体重 | 78.0 g (2.75 oz) | 750.0 g (26.46 oz) |
| 食性 | Omnivorous — insects and larvae (especially leatherjackets), earthworms, fruit, and seeds. Probes soil with open … | Fish, squid, crustaceans, offal from fishing vessels, and zooplankton. Feeds by surface-seizing and shallow plunge-diving. |
| 产卵数 | 4-7 | 1 |
| Population Trend | — | — |
Size Comparison
Habitat Comparison
Common Starling
Open countryside, farmland, parks, and urban areas. Forms enormous communal roosts in winter, especially in urban environments.
Northern Fulmar
Open ocean and sea cliffs. Breeds on cliff ledges and grassy slopes on northern coastlines. Pelagic outside breeding season.
Song & Call Comparison
Common Starling
A complex mimic: rattles, whistles, clicks, and squeaks mixed with imitations of other birds. Song is a continuous medley. Also gives harsh 'scheer' alarm and chattering.
Northern Fulmar
A nasal, cackling 'kak-kak-kak-kak' or grunting 'uh-uh-uh' at the nest and colony. Less melodic than petrels. In flight gives occasional single nasal calls.
Geographic Range & Migration
Common Starling
Native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. Introduced to North America, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.
Northern Fulmar
North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. Breeds from the Arctic south to Britain, France, and New England.
保护状况
Common Starling
Northern Fulmar
How to Tell Them Apart
Common Starling
Glossy black plumage with iridescent purple and green sheen in breeding season. Winter plumage shows white spotting. Short tail and pointed wings in flight.
Long, pointed bill — yellow in breeding season, dark in winter
Northern Fulmar
Light morph: white head and underparts with grey wings and back. Dark morph: entirely grey. Tube-nosed bill and stiff-winged flight distinctive at sea.
Yellowish hooked bill with prominent tubular nostrils on top
About These Birds
Common Starling
紫翅椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）— 原产于欧亚大陆，已引入北美、澳大利亚和南非。具金属光泽的羽毛和白色斑点为特征。能形成壮观的大群（椋鸟旋舞）。
Northern Fulmar
The northern fulmar is a long-lived seabird that can survive over 40 years. It defends its nest by projectile-vomiting a foul-smelling stomach oil at intruders, which can mat the feathers of predators and cause fatal loss of waterproofing. Fulmars have expanded their breeding range dramatically southward over the past two centuries.