Tawny-shouldered Blackbird

The Tawny-shouldered Blackbird, <em>Agelaius humeralis</em>, is a member of the family Icteridae and is endemic to Cuba and Haiti. This species constructs cup-type nests and lays clutches of 3 to 4 eggs. No specific habitat type is listed in available records, though the species is associated with agricultural areas, forest edges, and open habitats in its island range. Detailed plumage and behavioral descriptions of this species are limited in the available literature. The common name refers to the tawny or brownish-yellow shoulder patches visible on males, similar to the epaulettes found in other Agelaius blackbirds, which are used in territorial and courtship displays. Its conservation status is Least Concern. Island-endemic icterids such as the Tawny-shouldered Blackbird are of particular conservation interest due to their restricted range and potential vulnerability to habitat changes and introduced predators. This species feeds on insects, seeds, and other food items typical of New World blackbirds. Dietary specifics, song characteristics, and detailed habitat associations for this species are not available in current records.