Clade
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<birdfyi-glossary slug="clade"></birdfyi-glossary>التعريف
A group of organisms including an ancestor and all its descendants, reflecting evolutionary relationships.
شرح مفصل
In modern phylogenetic (cladistic) taxonomy, only clades — strictly monophyletic groups — are recognized as valid taxa. Aves (birds) is a clade within Theropoda; Passeriformes is a clade within Aves. The 'branching' structure of clades is depicted in cladograms, where branch points (nodes) represent common ancestors. Molecular phylogenetics has extensively revised traditional ornithological taxonomy by revealing convergent evolution and hidden diversity within previously recognized families.